The circles are resistance (real part of impedance), whose values increase as they move to the left, and the curves are for imaginary part of impedance. The red circles and curves illustrated below and started from right side represent impedance ( ? = ? + ? ). Left side impedance is zero and the Current (I) is at its maximum (short circuit)
On the far right, the impedance is at its maximum and the Current (I) is zero (open circuit).The center point of the circle is 50 ohm.The upper half of the Smith chart is inductive, while the lower half is capacitive.
There are some important feature of Smith chart needed to be considered first. The Smith chart is a straightforward method for designing matching networks to deliver maximum power from the source to the load.
